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...even more effective, but you use what you have. "Burnt air" has cooled a bit in the moments before reinjection and certainly won't combust again; thus safely displacing air and fuel that would otherwise burn up to full temperature. The net effect is cooling, despite being a little counter-intuitive. I don't know if that's any clearer or not... I'm trying to say that the exhaust gases, though quite hot, are relatively cool. As I recall there are Nitrogen compounds that you can avoid forming if you cool the combustion chamber just this little bit. Anyway, I don't think the engine runs noticably hotter or cooler with(-out) an EGR, but you would start making a lot more brown clouds over your home town if everybody removed it.
- John

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